Research progress in sustainable management of plastic waste by biodegradation

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2025.05.014

Abstract

Abstract:

The development of modern industry has caused a sharp increase in the use of plastic products. Waste plastics are difficult to degrade naturally due to their high hydrophobicity and chemical inertness. Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality， sustainable management of plastic waste is urgent. Biodegradation is one of the best environmentally friendly methods for treating plastic wastes. Extensive researches have focused on identifying microorganisms and enzymes with plastic degradation capabilities in recent years. In this paper， six common plastics and their recent research progress in biodegradation were reviewed. The characterization methods of plastic degradation were summarized and their degradation mechanisms were discussed.

Key words: plastics, microbial degradation, plastic degrading enzyme, characterization method, mechanism of degradation

CLC Number:

TQ320.1

YANG Qing, CAI Jiafeng, GU Weihua, PENG Shengjuan, ZHAO Jing, BAI Jianfeng. Research progress in sustainable management of plastic waste by biodegradation[J]. China Plastics, 2025, 39(5): 88-94.

Figures/Tables 4

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微生物	降解塑料	参考文献
Bacillus cereus	PE	［24］
Pseudomonas tuomurensis	PE	［24］
Acinetobacter baumannii RdH2	PE	［25］
Lysinibacillus sp. JJY0216	PE， PP	［26］
Alcaligenes faecalis ISJ128	PE	［27］
Cladosporium halotolerans	PE	［28］
Bacillus cereus CH6	PS	［29］
Pseudomonas aeruginosa WGH⁃6	PP	［30］
Serratia marcescens	PP	［31］
Enterobacter spp.	PP	［31］
Aspergillus spp.	PP	［31］
Penicillium granulatum	PP	［31］
Fusarium oxysporum	PP	［31］
Klebsiella sp. EMBL⁃1	PVC	［32］
Alteromonas BP⁃4.3	PVC	［33］
Bacillus velezensis GUIA	PUR	［34］
Fusarium sp.	PUR	［35］
Bacillus sp. AIIW2	PET	［36］
Rhizobacter gummiphilus	PET	［37］

微生物	降解塑料	参考文献
Bacillus cereus	PE	［24］
Pseudomonas tuomurensis	PE	［24］
Acinetobacter baumannii RdH2	PE	［25］
Lysinibacillus sp. JJY0216	PE， PP	［26］
Alcaligenes faecalis ISJ128	PE	［27］
Cladosporium halotolerans	PE	［28］
Bacillus cereus CH6	PS	［29］
Pseudomonas aeruginosa WGH⁃6	PP	［30］
Serratia marcescens	PP	［31］
Enterobacter spp.	PP	［31］
Aspergillus spp.	PP	［31］
Penicillium granulatum	PP	［31］
Fusarium oxysporum	PP	［31］
Klebsiella sp. EMBL⁃1	PVC	［32］
Alteromonas BP⁃4.3	PVC	［33］
Bacillus velezensis GUIA	PUR	［34］
Fusarium sp.	PUR	［35］
Bacillus sp. AIIW2	PET	［36］
Rhizobacter gummiphilus	PET	［37］

特性	表征方法	对生物降解的典型观察结果	参考文献
表面形态学	SEM	表面粗糙度增加，在塑料表面形成凹坑和裂纹	［62］
干重	质量损失	塑料失重量增加	［63］
结晶度	DSC、XRD	聚合物结晶度总体下降	［39］
疏水性	测角仪测量水接触角	接触角的减少，聚合物亲水性增加	［39］
力学性能	聚合物结构拉伸测试	降低了塑料的伸长率和拉伸强度	［63］
官能团	FTIR	O—H、C—O和C=O基团增加	［62］
分子量	GPC	塑料分子量降低	［64］
CO₂ 生成量	在干燥器中捕获CO₂，用NaOH溶液进行滴定	CO₂的增加表明了生物降解过程的矿化阶段	［65］
较小的化合物/单体	GC⁃MS	存在有机化合物（如羧酸和烷烃）	［66］

特性	表征方法	对生物降解的典型观察结果	参考文献
表面形态学	SEM	表面粗糙度增加，在塑料表面形成凹坑和裂纹	［62］
干重	质量损失	塑料失重量增加	［63］
结晶度	DSC、XRD	聚合物结晶度总体下降	［39］
疏水性	测角仪测量水接触角	接触角的减少，聚合物亲水性增加	［39］
力学性能	聚合物结构拉伸测试	降低了塑料的伸长率和拉伸强度	［63］
官能团	FTIR	O—H、C—O和C=O基团增加	［62］
分子量	GPC	塑料分子量降低	［64］
CO₂ 生成量	在干燥器中捕获CO₂，用NaOH溶液进行滴定	CO₂的增加表明了生物降解过程的矿化阶段	［65］
较小的化合物/单体	GC⁃MS	存在有机化合物（如羧酸和烷烃）	［66］

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