Study on Combustion Characteristics of Poly（vinyl chloride）/Bamboo Charcoal Decorative Composites

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.01.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The poly（vinyl chloride）（PVC） /bamboo charcoal （BC） composites with different veneers were prepared by melt mixing， hot pressing and surface veneering， and their combustion behavior and smoke generation characteristics were characterized by cone calorimetry， thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry infrared analysis. Their combustion safety was also evaluated comprehensively. The results indicated that the PVC veneer could improve the thermal stability of the composites. The yield of carbon residue was 67.99 wt % at 600 °C with lower amounts of HCl and aromatics formed in the early stage of combustion， which was disadvantageous to the control of total heat release. After the wood veneer was added， the initial thermal degradation started in advance， and the thermal degradation rate increased， resulting in a maximum peak heat release rate of 423.91 kW/m²， a maximum total heat release of 76.63 MJ/m² and a maximum total smoke release of 2 121.51 m²/m². In this case， the yield of carbon residue was only 41.78 % at 600 °C with more harmful gas released. In addition， the veneer was easy to make smoke release during a longer period， which was advantageous for smoke suppression in the early stage of combustion. This provides more opportunities for safe evacuation in the early stage of a conflagration. Therefore， the composites developed by this work exhibit some application prospects for home decoration.

Key words: bamboo charcoal, poly（vinyl chloride）, composite, veneer, combustion characteristics

CLC Number:

TQ 325.3

ZHANG Liang, CHAI Weisheng, WANG Shanshan, LI Wenzhu, WU Qiang, ZHANG Wenbiao, DAI Chunping. Study on Combustion Characteristics of Poly（vinyl chloride）/Bamboo Charcoal Decorative Composites[J]. China Plastics, 2021, 35(1): 37-46.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1. Sample images of different carbon?plastic composites

Fig 2. XRD patterns of BC，PVC and PVC/BC carbon?plastic composites

Fig. 3. SEM images of surface interface morphology of BC and PVC/BC carbon?plastic composites

Fig. 4. Morphology of carbon residue of carbon?plastic composites with different overlays tested by cone

Fig. 5. CONE curves of different veneer carbon?plastic composites

Fig. 6. CONE curves of different veneer carbon?plastic composites

Fig. 7. CONE curves of different veneer carbon?plastic composites

试样

点燃

时间/s

热释放速率

峰值时间/s

热释放速率

峰值/kW·m^-2

总热释放量/

MJ·m^-2

总烟释放量

/m²·m^-2

质量损失速率

峰值/g·s^-1

残炭量(600 ℃)

^a火灾

指数

^b火灾蔓延

指数

Tab.1. Cone calorimetric test data of carbon?plastic composites with different veneers

样品	T_?5%/℃	T_max/℃	R_peak/%·min^-1	R_mass(800 ℃)/%
BP?N	257	292	5.34	40.49
BP?S	266	291	5.44	43.23
BP?D	241	276	6.16	34.96

Tab.2. Thermogravimetric test data of carbon?plastic compo?sites under different veneers in N2 atmosphere

Fig.8. Thermogravimetric curves of carbon?plastic composites under different veneers in N2 atmosphere

Fig.9. SEM images of the residues from PVC single veneer composites after the CONE test

Fig.10. 3D TG?FTIR images of different veneer carbon?plastic composite materials

Fig. 11. TG?FTIR images of different veneer carbon?plastic composite materials

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