中国塑料 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 36-42.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.07.006

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

热塑性聚氨酯/微胶囊化聚磷酸铵/氢氧化铝复合材料的制备及性能研究

彭建文1, 刘新亮2, 肖崇1, 宋强1, 彭中朝1, 黄若森1, 唐刚1,2,3()   

  1. 1.博硕科技(江西)有限公司 ;江西 吉安 330000
    2.安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,安徽 马鞍山 243032
    3.中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-14 出版日期:2021-07-26 发布日期:2021-07-21
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金资助(2017M610399)

Fabrication and Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Microencapsulated Ammonium Polyphosphate/Aluminum Hydroxide Composites

PENG Jianwen1, LIU Xinliang2, XIAO Chong1, SONG Qiang1, PENG Zhongchao1, HUANG Ruosen1, TANG Gang1,2,3()   

  1. 1.ASAP Technology (Jiangxi) Co,Ltd,Ji’an 330000,China
    2.School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243032,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2020-12-14 Online:2021-07-26 Published:2021-07-21
  • Contact: TANG Gang E-mail:gangtang@mail.ustc.edu.cn

摘要:

通过溶胶?凝胶法制备了硅凝胶微胶囊化聚磷酸铵(MAPP),并通过红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TG)对MAPP进行了表征;采用熔融共混技术将氢氧化铝(ATH)和MAPP加入到热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)中,制备出系列阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU/FR)复合材料,并通过TG、微型量热计(MCC)研究了TPU/FR的热稳定性和燃烧行为。结果表明,在ATH与MAPP总含量为20 %(质量分数,下同)的情况下,相对于TPU/FR1(20 % ATH)复合材料,ATH与MAPP含量分别为5 %、15 %,10 %、10 %和15 %、5 %的TPU/FR复合材料在700 oC下的残炭量分别由16.7 %提高到29.7 %、25.1 %和20.9 %;热释放容量(HRC)分别从327.1 J/(g·K)降低到154.2、164.2和170.1 J/(g·K);对比TPU/FR2(20 % MAPP)复合材料,TPU/FR4(15 % ATH,5 % MAPP)炭渣的致密性和石墨化程度显著提高,表明ATH与MAPP复合具有显著的阻燃协同作用。

关键词: 微胶囊化聚磷酸铵, 氢氧化铝, 热塑性聚氨酯, 复合材料, 阻燃

Abstract:

The microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) with a silicone gel was prepared through a sol?gel method and then characterized with fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG). MAPP and aluminum hydroxide (ATH) were used as flame retardant to prepare a series of flame?retardant thermoplastic polyurethane composites (TPU/FR) by means of a melt?bending technology. TG, and microscale combustion calorimeter were used to analyze the thermal stability and combustion behaviors of the TPU/FR composites. The results indicated that with the fixed total loading of ATH and MAPP at 20 wt%, the composites achieved char yields of 29.7 wt%, 25.1 wt% and 20.9 wt% at mass ratios of ATH to MAPP of 5/15, 10/10 and 15/5 at 700 ℃, respectively, compared to the composites containing only 20 wt% ATH with a char yield of 16.7 wt%. Their heat release capacity decreased to 154.2, 164.2 and 170.1 J/(g·K) from 327.1 J/(g·K) of the composite only containing ATH. Moreover, compared to composites containing only 20 wt% of MAPP, there is a significant improvement in the compactness and graphitization degree of the carbon slag for TPU/FR4(15 wt% ATH,5 wt% MAPP), indicating that a combination of ATH and MAPP generated a significant flame?retardant synergistic effect.

Key words: microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hydroxide, thermoplastic polyurethane, composite, flame retardant

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