中国塑料 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 45-51.DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2024.02.008

• 材料与性能 • 上一篇    下一篇

高木质素含量聚乳酸共混材料的制备及其性能研究

戚士界(), 游翔宇(), 王瑞晨, 周琳菲, 张慧洁()   

  1. 陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-15 出版日期:2024-02-26 发布日期:2024-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 游翔宇(1987—),男,副教授,从事木质素和生物炭基高附加值材料的制备及应用研究,xyyou@sust.edu.cn
    张慧洁(1986—),女,副教授,从事生物质基水凝胶研究,hjzhang@sust.edu.cn
    E-mail:210111015@sust.edu.cn;xyyou@sust.edu.cn;hjzhang@sust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:戚士界(1998—),男,在读硕士研究生,从事木质素基可降解塑料研究,210111015@sust.edu.cn

Preparation and properties of poly(lactic acid)/lignin blends with high lignin content

QI Shijie(), YOU Xiangyu(), WANG Ruichen, ZHOU Linfei, ZHANG Huijie()   

  1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,Xi′an 710021,China
  • Received:2023-09-15 Online:2024-02-26 Published:2024-02-03
  • Contact: YOU Xiangyu, ZHANG Huijie E-mail:210111015@sust.edu.cn;xyyou@sust.edu.cn;hjzhang@sust.edu.cn

摘要:

传统高分子材料难以降解引发的环境问题日趋严重,以聚乳酸(PLA)为代表的可生物降解高分子引发了人们的广泛关注,而较高的使用成本是限制其大规模使用的主要因素之一。本研究制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/木质素共混材料,并利用增容剂甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)分子上的环氧基与木质素的羟基以及PLA分子两端反应,以改善木质素与PLA的界面相容性,通过微观形貌、力学性能、热学和流变行为分析探究了木质素以及GMA含量对PLA性能的影响。结果表明,GMA可以有效改善木质素与PLA的界面相容性,从而提升材料的力学性能。本研究含30 %(质量分数,下同)木质素样品的拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别达到了42、1 750、60、3 460 MPa、26.2 J/m和2.4 %,当木质素含量提高至60 %时,其性能优于较低含量木质素样品,保留了可生物降解的特点并大幅降低了PLA的使用成本。

关键词: 木质素, 聚乳酸, 界面增容, 共混材料, 力学性能

Abstract:

The escalating severity of environmental issues stemming from the poor degradability of conventional polymer materials has received an increasing concern. Biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), have garnered considerable attention. However, their extensive utilization is hindered by the high cost associated with their use. To address this issue, the present study focuses on the development of PLA/lignin blends using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as a compatibilizer. The epoxy groups on the GMA molecule could react with the hydroxyl groups of lignin and two end groups of the PLA molecule, thus enhancing the interfacial compatibility between lignin and PLA. The effect of lignin and GMA contents on the performance of PLA was determined through analyzing the encompassing microscopic morphology, mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and rheological characteristics of the PLA/lignin blends. The results indicated that GMA effectively enhanced the interfacial compatibility between lignin and PLA, consequently improving the mechanical properties of the blends. The blend containing 30 wt% lignin exhibited tensile strength of 42 MPa, a tensile modulus of 1 750 MPa, flexural strength of 60 MPa, flexural modulus of 3 460 MPa, impact strength of 26.2 J/m, and elongation at break of 2.4 %. Notably, when the lignin content increased to 60 wt%, the PLA/lignin blends exhibited better performance. This approach retained the biodegradable characteristics of PLA but reduced its cost significantly.

Key words: lignin, poly(lactic acid), compatibilization, blend, mechanical property

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