Preparation and oil⁃water separation performance of superhydrophilic⁃underwater superoleophobic polyurethane sponge

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2023.08.005

Abstract

Abstract:

A simple， efficient， and environmentally friendly method was adopted for oil⁃water separation. In this method， graphene oxide （GO） was first prepared by means of a modified Hummers method， and then a superhydrophilic⁃underwater superoleophobic sponge was prepared through two⁃step impregnation using polyurethane sponge （PU） as a matrix and GO and chitosan （CS） as modifiers. The addition of GO increased the roughness and hydrophilicity of the sponge surface， while the incorporation of CS enhanced the hydrophilicity of the sponge and the stability of the GO coating. The modified PU sponge exhibited good elasticity， thermal stability and water absorption. The oil⁃water separation experimental results indicated that a variety of oil⁃water mixtures could be separated only under the action of gravity， and their separation efficiency could reach more than 95 %. The modified PU sponge presented good reusability without a significantly reduction in the separation efficiency after reusing for 10 times. When the pump provided a dynamic external force， the static and dynamic continuous oil⁃water separation could be realized without stirring and with stirring， respectively. The high oil⁃water separation performance could be maintained for the modified PU sponge after wearing for 10 cycles.

Key words: graphene oxide, chitosan, polyurethane sponge, superhydrophilic?underwater superoleophobic, oil?water separation

CLC Number:

TQ323.8

ZHOU Long, DU Guoyong, DENG Chunping. Preparation and oil⁃water separation performance of superhydrophilic⁃underwater superoleophobic polyurethane sponge[J]. China Plastics, 2023, 37(8): 28-37.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1. Schematic diagram of continuous oil⁃water separation simulator

Fig.2. Water contact angle and underwater oil contact angle of the samples

Fig.3. SEM images of the samples

Fig.4. FTIR spectra of the samples

Fig.5. TG curves of the samples

样品	T_{5 %}/℃	T_max/℃	质量保留率/%
PU	257	376	62.2 %（320 ℃）、13.7%（600 ℃）
PU⁃GO	209	375	92.9 %（230 ℃）、68.4 %（320 ℃）、18.8 %（600 ℃）
PU⁃GO@CS	105	368	93.9 %（140 ℃）、87.0 %（220 ℃）、66.8 %（310 ℃）、26.7 %（600 ℃）

Tab.1. Thermal stability of the samples

Fig.6. Compressive stress⁃strain curves of the samples

Fig.7. Saturated mass water absorption capacity of modified PU against cyclic water absorption times

Fig.8. Comparison of diesel/water mixture before and after separation

Fig.9. Oil water separation efficiency of the samples

Fig.10. Result comparison before and after continuous oil⁃water separation

Fig.11. Result comparison before and after continuous oil⁃water separation of diesel/water mixture under stirring state

Fig.12. Effect of wear cycle times on oil⁃water separation performance of the modified PU

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