中国塑料 ›› 2010, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (09): 77-83 .DOI: 10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2010.09.020

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阻燃剂对软质聚氨酯泡沫热分解产生氰化氢的影响

杨守生1;卢林刚2   

  1. 中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系1;中国人民武装警察部队学院科研部2
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-01 修回日期:2010-09-03 出版日期:2010-09-26 发布日期:2010-09-26

Effect of Flame Retardant on HCN from the Thermal Degradation of Soft PU Foam

YANG Shousheng   

  • Received:2010-07-01 Revised:2010-09-03 Online:2010-09-26 Published:2010-09-26
  • Contact: YANG Shousheng

摘要:

利用自制氰化氢(HCN)获取装置,分别就阻燃剂种类、含量等因素对软质聚氨酯(PU)泡沫热解产生HCN的影响进行了实验研究。结果表明,不同的阻燃剂对软质PU泡沫热解产生HCN的量有显著影响,氯化镁、二氰二胺、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸二氢钾和四硼酸钠(Na2B4O7•10H2O)能减少HCN的产生,而氯化铵、硫酸铵、磷酸铵使HCN产生量增加。经Na2B4O7•10H2O阻燃的软质PU泡沫热解产生HCN的量随Na2B4O7•10H2O量的增加而减少。当Na2B4O7•10H2O的用量为23.08 %时,HCN释放量为3.2915 mg/g,是不加阻燃剂时的38.33 %。

关键词: 聚氨酯, 泡沫, 氰化氢, 阻燃剂, 热分解

Abstract: The equipment of absorbing HCN was used to study the effect of the type of fire retardant and contents on the yield of HCN in the process of polyurethane foam pyrolysis. It was found that NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, and (NH4)3PO4•3H2O increased the HCN yield, while MgCl2, C2H4N4, NH4H2PO4 , KH2PO4, and Na2B4O7•10H2O reduced the HCN yield. Particularly, when the content of Na2B4O7•10H2O was 23.08 %,the release amount of HCN was 3.2915 mg/g,which was 38.33% that of plain polyurethane foam.

Key words: polyurethane foam, hydrogen cyanide, flame retardant, thermal degradation

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