Investigation on Reinforced and Toughened PLA with NCF and PU

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2020.11.005

Abstract

Abstract:

The poly（lactic acid）（PLA）-matrix composites were prepared by solution and melt blending methods using polyurethane （PU） as an impact modifier and nanocellulose （NCF） as a reinforcement agent. The effects of NCF and PU on the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the PLA/PU/NCF composites were investigated systematically. The structural characterizations and performance measures of the composites were carried out by Fourier?transform infrared spectroscopy， thermogravimetric analysis， scanning electron microscopy and mechanical property tests. The results indicated that the flexible PU molecules could inhibit the crystallization of PLA and therefore enhanced the toughness of PLA. On the other hand， the rigid NCF molecules could enhance the strength of PLA through hydrogen bonding. Compared to pure PLA， the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites increased by 12.10 % and 694.91 %， respectively， when 3 wt% of NCF and 17 wt% of PU were added. Moreover， the addition of PU and NCF improved the high?temperature thermal stability of PLA significantly， and the composites obtained a residual carbon rate of 19.36 wt% at 600 °C.

Key words: poly（lactic acid）, polyurethane, nanocellulose, composite

CLC Number:

TQ321

Kehong ZHANG, Xiaoran WANG. Investigation on Reinforced and Toughened PLA with NCF and PU[J]. China Plastics, 2020, 34(11): 23-28.

Figures/Tables 9

样品名称	PLA含量	PU含量	NCF含量
纯PU	0	100	0
PU/NCF₅	0	95	5
PU/NCF₁₀	0	90	10
PU/NCF₁₅	0	85	15
PU/NCF₂₀	0	80	20
纯PLA	100	0	0
PLA/NCF₁	99	0	1
PLA/NCF₂	98	0	2
PLA/NCF₃	97	0	3
PLA/NCF₄	96	0	4
PLA/PU/NCF_15?10	90	8.5	1.5
PLA/PU/NCF_15?20	80	17	3
PLA/PU/NCF_15?30	70	25.5	4.5
PLA/PU/NCF_15?40	60	34	6

Tab.1. Formula of PLA/NCF/PU composite

Fig.1. Mechanical properties of PU/NCF composites with different NCF content

Fig.2. Mechanical properties of PLA/NCF composites with different NCF content

Fig.3. Mechanical properties of PLA/PU/NCF composites with different PU/NCF content

样品	冲击强度/kJ·m^-2
PLA	13.60±0.81
PLA/NCF₂	15.41±1.09
PLA/NCF₄	14.03±0.92
PLA/PU/NCF_15?10	18.64±0.93
PLA/PU/NCF_15?20	26.58±1.29
PLA/PU/NCF_15?30	30.36±1.61
PLA/PU/NCF_15?40	31.17±0.97

Tab.2. Impact strength of pure PLA, PLA/NCF and PLA/PU/NCF composites material

Fig.4. FTIR spectra of pure PLA, PU, NCF and related composites

Fig.5. TG curves of PLA, PU, NCF, PU/NCF and PLA/PU/NCF composites

Fig.6. SEM of PU/NCF composites

Fig.7. SEM of PLA/PU/NCF composites

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