Preparation and Oil Absorption Performance of Porous Polylactide/Polyurethane Composites

doi:10.19491/j.issn.1001-9278.2021.11.004

Abstract

Abstract:

A series of poly（lactic acid）（PLA）/polyurethane （TPU） blends with different phase morphologies were prepared through melt blending using PLA as a matrix and then foamed through a supercritical carbon dioxide （scCO₂） microcellular foaming process. The effects of cell structure， expansion ratio， and open?cell content on the oil absorption performance of the porous composite material at different foaming temperatures were investigated. The results indicated that with an increase in TPU content from 10 wt % to 50 wt %， there was a phase morphology from a typical “sea?island” phase morphology to the partially co?continuous one occurring in the porous composite material. Meanwhile， the viscoelasticity of the PLA matrix increased， but its crystallization ability decreased. The porous composite material containing 70 wt % PLA exhibited a more uniform cell structure. The cell size and expansion ratio increased at first and then tended to decrease with an increase in foaming temperature. The expansion ratio reached 29.1 times at the foaming temperature of 94 ℃ and the maximum open?cell content was 75 %. The addition of TPU significantly increased the elastic recovery ability of the PLA matrix. The porous composite material showed the largest compressive strength and the smallest permanent deformation at a foaming temperature of 94 °C. The oil absorption test results indicated that porous composite material exhibited a greater oil absorption rate for silicone oil than for cyclohexane. Its oil absorption rate was proportional to the product of the expansion ratio and the open?cell content， giving a maximum oil absorption rate of 10.4 g/g for silicone oil.

Key words: poly（lactic acid）, polyurethane, supercritical foaming, pore structure, oil absorption property

CLC Number:

TQ 321

XU Yunfei, ZHAO Zaisheng, XING Yajing, JIANG Jing. Preparation and Oil Absorption Performance of Porous Polylactide/Polyurethane Composites[J]. China Plastics, 2021, 35(11): 24-31.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1. Schematic diagram of scCO2 microcellular foaming experimental equipment

Fig.2. SEM images of the fracture surface of solid PLA/TPU blends

Fig.3. Rheological results of dynamic frequency sweep for PLA/TPU blends

Fig.4. 2nd heating DSC curve and cooling curve of PLA/TPU blends

样品	T_g/℃	T_cc/℃	T_m/℃	?H_m/ J?g^?1	?H_c/ J?g^?1	?H_c^*/ J?g^?1
Neat PLA	62.8	114.1	147.9	26.3	12.9	12.9
PLA90	62.5	124.8	150.1	21.2	12.5	14.0
PLA70	62.5	127.1	150.7	9.5	9.6	13.8
PLA50	62.7	128.3	151.1	5.5	6.5	13.0

Tab.1. DSC analysis data for PLA/TPU blends

Fig.5. Effect of components on pore morphologies of PLA/TPU microcellular samples

Fig.6. Effect of foaming temperature on pore morphologies of PLA/TPU microcellular samples

Fig.7. Statistics of pore structures for foamed PLA/TPU samples

Fig.8. Comparison tests of foamed PLA/TPU samples

Fig.9. Oil absorption of foamed PLA/TPU samples

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